Tachycardia: Fast Heart Rate
The normal rate for a heart to beat is 60-100 beats per minute. Tachycardia is when the heart beats too fast, at a rate of more than 100 beats per minute, 休息时. This can depend on age, health status and physical condition. Learn about the types of tachycardias:
ECG strip showing a normal heartbeat
室上性心动过速(SVT)/阵发性室上性心动过速(合并)
SVT is also known as atrial tachycardia. It is a fast heart rate, greater than 100 beats per minute or more, which starts in the atria, the upper chambers of the heart. 电信号出现异常，心率加快. 快速跳动的心脏防止心室在收缩(跳动)之间充满。, which may compromise blood flow to the body.
室性心动过速是婴幼儿最常见的心律失常. 阵发性SVT意味着异常可能在几分钟或几天内出现和消失.
View an animation of tachycardia.
Risk factors for SVT/合并
- 焦虑和压力
- People middle age and older
- 女性多于男性
- Children (SVT is the most common heart 心律失常 in children)
对一些人来说, SVT/合并 is triggered by exercise, stress or lack of sleep, while others do not notice anything at all.
Issues that may cause an SVT episode include:
- 年龄
- 贫血
- 心脏病
- 脱水
- 冠状动脉疾病; having had cardiac surgery or other heart problems
- Congenital heart disease
- Other heart conditions, such as Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
- 慢性肺病
- Excessive caffeine intake
- Excessive alcohol intake
- 吸烟或其他烟草制品，滥用药物，包括可卡因和甲基苯丙胺.
- 怀孕
- 更年期
- 高血压
- 某些非处方药，包括治疗哮喘、感冒和过敏的药物.
SVT/合并症状
- Very fast (rapid) heartbeat that may come and go
- A fluttering or pounding in the chest (palpitations)
- A bounding pulse sensation in the neck
- Weakness or feeling very tired (fatigue)
- 胸部不适
- 呼吸急促（气促）
- 头晕 or dizziness
- 出汗
- 晕倒(晕厥)或接近昏厥
- 恶心想吐
How SVT/合并 is diagnosed
SVT
在向医疗保健专业人员提供详细的病史(包括询问潜在的原因)和症状清单后, patients will be advised to get an 心电图 (心电图或心电图).
合并
由于合并是“阵发性的”(偶尔和突然的)，办公室心电图看起来可能正常. 为了“捕捉”发作，医生可能会建议使用便携式心脏监测器(动态心电监测 或线上娱乐电子游戏网站监测器)佩戴在家里，记录你的心律随着线上电子游戏飞禽走兽的推移.
治疗
Most people with SVT/合并 don't need treatment. 然而, an episode may be stopped with one of these techniques, under the supervision of a health care professional. 这些会影响迷走神经，而迷走神经有助于控制心跳.
- 颈动脉窦按摩:保健专业人员在颈动脉分成两个分支的颈部轻轻按压.
- 迷走神经动作:简单的动作，如咳嗽或闭着鼻孔，同时试图通过鼻子吹气.
- 潜水反射:这是身体将你的脸浸入冰冷的水中时的反应. 这被称为“迷走神经操作”，只有在医疗保健专业人员的指导下才能完成.
Other treatments as needed:
- 药物: If you have frequent episodes of SVT, 你的医疗保健专业人员可能会开一些药物来控制你的心率或恢复正常的心律.
- 复律法: This procedure delivers a shock to the heart, through patches or paddles to restore the normal heart rhythm.
- 导管消融: 医生插入薄, flexible tubes called catheters through the veins or arteries, 通常在腹股沟. 导管尖端的传感器利用热或冷能量在心脏上制造微小的疤痕，以阻断不规则的电信号，恢复正常的心跳.
窦性心动过速
Sinus tachycardia is an increase in the heart rate. 在这种情况下, the heart’s natural pacemaker, 窦结, sends out electrical signals faster than usual.
心率比正常快，但心跳正常. 这是一种常见的运动反应，但当它发生在休息时，就令人担忧了.
Causes of sinus tachycardia
心跳加快可能是你的身体对以下常见情况的反应:
- 焦虑
- 恐惧
- Severe emotional distress
- 剧烈运动
- 发热
- Some medicines and illegal drugs
- 疼痛
Other, less common causes may include:
- 贫血
- 感染
- Increased thyroid activity
- Heart muscle damage from 心脏病 or 心脏衰竭
- 严重出血
- Very low blood pressure
- 肺部疾病
治疗
你的医生应该考虑并治疗你的窦性心动过速的原因, rather than just treating the condition. 如果你的心跳加速是一个更严重或长期问题的症状，那么简单地减慢心率可能会造成更大的伤害.
Ventricular Tachycardia
室性心动过速(VT)是一种从心脏的下腔(心室)开始的快速心率。. 心脏下腔的电信号异常快速地发出. 这干扰了来自窦房结的电脉冲，窦房结是心脏的自然起搏器.
The disruption results in a faster than normal heart rate. 这种快速的心跳可以防止心室在两次收缩之间完全充盈, which compromises blood flow to the rest of the body.
VT可能耐受良好，也可能危及生命，需要立即诊断和治疗. 室性心动过速的严重程度在很大程度上取决于你是否患有其他心脏疾病以及你所患有的室性心动过速的类型.
Causes of ventricular tachycardia
室性心动过速通常与干扰心脏电传导系统的疾病有关. These disorders can include:
- 冠状动脉血流量不足，心脏组织缺氧
- 心肌病 distorting the heart’s structure
- Medication side effects
- Use of illegal drugs such as cocaine or methamphetamine
- 结节病(影响皮肤或身体组织的炎症性疾病)
- Abnormalities of the heart that result in scarring of heart tissue (sometimes called "structural heart disease"); the most common cause is a prior 心脏病
- Congenital heart conditions, including long QT syndrome
- 传导电脉冲所必需的电解质不平衡
症状
VT的症状各不相同. Common symptoms include:
治疗
治疗将取决于你的症状和室性心动过速的原因. Possible treatments include:
- Medication that helps prevent 心律失常s
- 射频消融术, a procedure that destroys the cells causing the VT.
- 植入术 cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)，它向心脏发送电脉冲，以重置危险的不规则心跳.
- Immediate electrical defibrillation在极端情况下
